Although both the electronic universal testing machine and the hydraulic universal testing machine or hydraulic UTM are classified as mechanical testing equipment, there are significant differences between the two in terms of drive power source, primary body structure, and scalability application, which led to the two being used differently in actual applications. The following is a concise review of the primary differences between the two from a variety of perspectives:
Overview of UTM
Electronic UTM: A servo motor serves as the driving supply for an electronic universal testing machine, which is controlled by the control system. The machine base, ball screw, reduction drive system, force sensor, moving beam, fixed beam, fixture (removable and interchangeable), test software, control and measurement system, and other components make up the majority of the entire apparatus. Due to its compact structure and tiny footprint, the primary machine has a comparative height that is lower than that of the hydraulic universal testing machine when both are used in the same testing environment under the same conditions.
Through the growth of various force sensors, setup of the appropriate fixtures, coupled with expert test software, the electronic widespread testing machine can be constructed to accommodate the applied load from 0.1N to 2000kN of various models, but in the same host. This allows for a wide range of tests to be accomplished within the force range.
Hydraulic UTM: The essential components of a hydraulic UTM are the main apparatus, the servo oil source, the control and measurement unit, and the evaluate programs. A hydraulic system operating at a high pressure provides the source of the power. As control components for manual, servo, control, or proportional gates are employed. The common hydraulic universal testing machine is an open-loop control system that can only be loaded by hand and makes use of a hydraulic pressure sensor as its force measurement sensor. Additionally, this type of machine cannot perform automatic testing.
Application
Electronic UTM: Electronic UTM are frequently used in a wide range of industries to test the compressive performance measures for a variety of metals, food, composite materials, non-metals, medicine, copper, wood, plastic profiles, Aluminium, paper, film, wire and cable, rubber, textiles, and other materials. The user can specify the standards that should be used to customise a wide range of testing data processing tools and test aids, and they can then be used during testing.
Hydraulic UTM: The hydraulic UTM is primarily used to test the mechanical characteristics of metal and non-metallic substances, parts, elements, and aspects of tensile, bending, compression, and other tests. The hydraulic UTM is the best testing tool for businesses in the mining, architecture, rainwater harvesting, building materials, hydropower, and bridge construction sectors.
Utilizing a low-cost, manually driven hydraulic universal testing machine is an option for companies in the mining and manufacturing industries when it comes to the inspection of finished goods and the testing of specific material indices.
Operational performance
Electronic UTM
Servo motor drive features a small footprint, excellent energy efficiency, ease of use and maintenance, minimal noise, stability, and dependability.
There are three types of closed-loop controls that can be implemented, and they are as follows: load control, strain control, and displacement control.
The precision of measurement system can approach 0.5 grades throughout a wide range of forces, from 0.4% to 100% of the total range.
It is possible to change the test speed range, making it more adaptable. Test speeds can range between 0.001 mm/min to 1000 mm/min.
Flexible test methods allow for the free selection and replacement of test fixtures for models with test ranges below 300kN and the extension of external sensors and matching fixtures to accommodate various material mechanics tests.
It is possible to add high thermal ovens, low and high temperature chambers, as well as other types of climatic chambers while conducting experiments that simulate the environment.
It costs more to produce large tones.
Hydraulic UTM
The arrangement of the oil source limits the test velocity of a hydraulic universal testing machine.
When compared to the electronic universal testing machine, the small tonnage (300 kN) testing machine has inferior compact cost estimating and scaling capabilities.
The hydraulic oil of the oil supply must be filtered with extreme care for the servo valve, and it must be changed frequently.
Conclusion
A universal testing machine is an essential piece of testing equipment that is used for quality control, the manufacture of materials, education and research, as well as testing the qualities of physical objects.
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